Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda ashobora gushyirwa mu byanya birengera urusobe rw’ibiriho muri UNESCO Global Geopark

U Rwanda ruherutse guhitamo Intara y’Amajyaruguru nk’ahantu hashobora kujya mu byanya byahariwe kurengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Uburezi, Ubumenyi n’Umuco (UNESCO), ibizwi nka UNESCO Global Geopark.

UNESCO Global Geopark ni ahantu cyangwa agace kagizwe n’ibintu bikurura ba mukererarugendo, habumbatiye amateka n’umurage, hakorerwa ibikorwa by’ubushakashatsi n’ibindi bihagira ahantu h’ingenzi Isi ikeneye kumenya no kubungabunga.

Ibi bice biba bigizwe n’imiterere idasanzwe nk’ibirunga, ubuvumo, urutare rudasanzwe, imanga, ibiyaga n’ibindi. U Rwanda rwatanze Intara y’Amajyaruguru nk’agace kujuje ibisabwa byatuma na yo iba mu bice bigize UNESCO Global Geopark.

Kugeza ubu muri UNESCO Global Geopark harimo uduce 299 two mu bihugu 50 ku Isi, harimo ibihugu bibiri byo muri Afurika ari byo Tanzania na Maroc.

U Rwanda rusabwa guhera muri iyi Kamena 2026, kwerekana ibice biri mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru bihura n’ibisabwa kugira ngo agace kajye muri UNESCO Global Geopark.

Bimwe mu bice bizerekanwa ni Ibiyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo, Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga n’ibindi. Dore impamvu bikwiye kuba biri muri UNESCO Global Geopark.

Ibiyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo

Ibiyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo bizwi nk’ibiyaga by’impanga, kimwe mu bibigira ahantu nyaburanga ni uburyo ibi biyaga byabayeho. Ibi biyaga byabayeho nyuma y’iruka ry’ibirunga rya Kalisimbi na Muhabura.

Ibi birunga ubwo byarukaga amahindure yabyo (magma) yagwaga mu kibaya ibi biyaga biriho kuri ubu.

Icyo gihe muri icyo kibaya habagamo imigezi irimo n’uwa Nyabarongo yahacaga. Ayo mahindure ni yo yaje kuzitira iyo migezi ntiyongera kugenda kugeza ibaye ikiyaga nacyo cyaje gusa n’icyiciyemo kabiri bikora ikiyaga cya Burera n’icya Ruhondo.

Ayo mahindure kandi ni yo yagize uruhare mu iremwa ry’ibirwa bigera ku icyenda biboneka muri ibi biyaga.

Ibi biyaga kandi bikomeza urusobe rw’indi migezi irimo n’itanga amashanyarazi kuko Ikiyaga cya Burera cyisukamo Umugezi wa Rugezi, Burera ikavamo umugezi wisuka mu kiyaga cya Ruhondo, muri Ruhondo hagasohokamo umugezi wa Mukungwa utanga amazi yifashishwa mu gutanga umuriro w’amashanyarazi ku rugomero rwa Ntaruka.

Ubuvumo bwa Musanze

Ubuvumo bwa Musanze ni bumwe mu bice nyaburanga byihariye mu Rwanda na byo kubera uburyo byabayeho. Ubu buvumo na bwo bwatewe n’iruka ry’ibirunga rya Bisoke na Sabyinyo.

Ibi birunga ubwo byarukaga amahindure yabyo aho yaciye ni ho hikoze ubu buvumo. Amahindure nubwo aba ari umuriro ariko aba atemba, muri make wabigereranya n’igikoma gifashe cyane. Iyo ikirunga kirutse agenda yishakira inzira mpaka azimye.

Muri uko gushaka inzira ariko kubera ubukonje bwo ku Isi butuma uko aya mahindure agenda igice cyo hejuru kigenda gikonja ndetse kigakomera. Iyo kimaze gukomera kimera nk’urutare ubundi kigasa nk’igikingira andi mahindure atahuye n’ubukonje yo agakomeza kugenda ashaka inzira kugeza igihe yose azimiye.

Uko ni ko ubuvumo bwa Musanze bwabayeho kuko igice cyo hejuru cyahuye n’ubukonje kirakomera ariko andi mahindure akomeza aca munsi yacyo kugeza ashizemo aho yacaga hagasigara hari ubuvumo.

Ubu buvumo bwa Musanze bufite inzira yametero 1275 mu gihe ubwa Kinigi bufite inzira ya metero 810. Bugiye bufite ubugari bwa metero hagati y’eshatu na 10 ndetse n’ubujyakuzimu buri hagati ya ya metero 10 na 40.

Igishanga cya Rugezi

Rugezi ni igishanga kiri ku buso bwa hegitari zirenga 7000, gifata ku turere twa Gicumbi na Burera.

Ni kimwe mu bya mbere mu gihugu bifatwa nk’inkomoko y’amazi kikanagira umumaro mu kuyungurura amazi ajya mu Biyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo, ibiyaga na byo bigaburira ingomero z’amashanyarazi za Ntaruka na Mukungwa.

Iki gishanga kandi kibonekamo amoko 638 atandukanye y’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima arimo 433 yavumbuwe mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2023.

Harimo kandi amoko y’ibimera 197, amoko y’inyoni 127, ibinyamuzima byo mu mazi ariko bitagira urutirigongo 82, amoko 14 y’imitubu (amphibians), n’ibikururanda amoko 13.

Iki gishanga kandi kibonekamo inyamabere amoko 53 arimo amoko 22 y’uducurama. Harimo kandi amoko y’udusimba tw’amaguru atandatu (arthropods) 149, n’amoko y’ibinyugunyugu 49.

Iki gishanga ni hamwe mu hantu haboneka urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byinshi kandi byinshi muri byo bitari bizwi ko biba mu Rwanda.

Ikiyaga kiri ku kirunga cya Bisoke

Ikirunga cya Bisoke gifite ikiyaga ku gasongero kiri ku butumburuke bwa metero 3711 ufatiye ku gipimo cy’inyanja, ni hamwe mu hantu nyaburanga hatatse u Rwanda.

Iki kiyaga kiri mu gace gafite uburebure burenga kilometero enye, mu yandi magambo akaba ari nk’ibibuga by’umupira w’amaguru hafi 40.

Ni hamwe mu hantu hakunda gusurwa n’abakerarugendo cyane cyane abakunda imyitozo ngorora mubiri izwi nka Hiking.

Ni ikiyaga cyabayeho nyuma y’aho ikirunga cya Bisoke kizimiye ku gasongero kacyo hagasigara icyanya cyifunze nyuma y’iruka ry’ikirunga. Icyo cyanya ni cyo cyagiye cyirekaho amazi arimo ayimvura kugeza abaye ikiyaga.

Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga

Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga iri mu Majyaruguru y’u Burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, ikaba iwabo w’ibirunga bigera kuri bitanu birimo Karisimbi, Bisoke, Sabyinyo, Gahinga, na Muhabura, ikaba iri ku buso bwa hegitari 16.000.

Ni iwabo kandi w’Ingagi zo mu birunga zimaze kuba ikimenyabose mu Rwanda.

Ni bimwe mu bice nyaburanga by’u Rwanda ndetse bikurura ba mukerarugendi benshi baturutse hirya no hino bajya kwirebera ibyiza biri muri iyi pariki.

Byinshi mu bikorwa bigaragara mu Majyaruguru ni ibyagiye bibaho kubera ibizwi nka East African Rift System. Ibi ni uburyo ubushyuhe buturuka mu nda y’Isi buba bushaka gusohoka bugenda bushaka inzira. Aho buyibonye akenshi buhakora ikirunga kikazagera aho kikaruka.

Igihe